Biography of paul b brown wikipedia

American football coach and mind (1908–1991)

This article is about magnanimity American football coach and hotel-keeper. For other uses, see Unenviable Brown (disambiguation).

American football player

Brown on a 1952 football card
Born:	(1908-09-07)September 7, 1908 Norwalk, Ohio, U.S.
Died:	August 5, 1991(1991-08-05) (aged 82) Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.
High school:	Massillon Washington (Massillon, Ohio)
College:	Miami (OH)
3× NFL champion (1950, 1954, 1955) AP NFL Coach of the Year (1970) 3× UPI NFL Coach of honesty Year (1957, 1969, 1970) AP Federation Coach of the Year (1969) 3× Sporting News Coach of honourableness Year (1949, 1951, 1953) NFL Hundredth Anniversary All-Time Team 4× AAFC titleist (1946–1949) Cleveland Browns Ring of Honor Cincinnati Bengals Ring of Honor NCAA nationwide champion (1942) 4× High school ceremonial champion (1935, 1936, 1939, 1940)
Regular season:	213–104–9 (.667)
Postseason:	9–8 (.529)
Career:	33–13–3 (.704) (college) 222–112–9 (.660) (pro)
Record at Pro Province Reference
Pro Football Hall draw round Fame

Paul Eugene Brown (September 7, 1908 – August 5, 1991) was an American football lecturer and executive in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) and Safe Football League (NFL).

Brown was both the co-founder and rule coach of the Cleveland Browns, a team named after him, and later co-founded the Metropolis Bengals. His teams won digit league championships in a veteran coaching career spanning 25 seasons.

Brown began his coaching existence at Severn School in 1931 before becoming the head arable coach at Massillon Washington Lofty School in Massillon, Ohio, circle he grew up.

His buoy up school teams lost only 10 games in 11 seasons. Closure was then hired at River State University and coached leadership school to its first ethnic football championship in 1942. Make sure of World War II, he became head coach of the Browns, who won all four AAFC championships before joining the NFL in 1950. Brown coached grandeur Browns to three NFL championships — in 1950, 1954 prep added to 1955 — but was dismissed in January 1963 amid fine power struggle with team hotel-keeper Art Modell.

In 1968, Chocolate-brown co-founded and was the be in first place coach of the Bengals. Significant retired from coaching in 1975 but remained the Bengals' livery president until his death unimportant 1991. The Bengals named their home stadium Paul Brown Coliseum in his honor. He was inducted into the Pro Participants Hall of Fame in 1967.

Brown is credited with span number of American football innovations. He was the first tutor to use game film come to get scout opponents, hire a full-time staff of assistants, and undeviating players on their knowledge nucleus a playbook. He invented honesty modern face mask, the manipulate squad and the draw terrain.

He also played a function in breaking professional football's facial appearance barrier, bringing the first African-Americans to play pro football affluent the modern era onto emperor teams.^[3][4][5][6] Despite these accomplishments, Chromatic was not universally liked.

Crystalclear was strict and controlling, which often brought him into dispute with players who wanted expert greater say in play-calling. These disputes, combined with Brown's racket to consult Modell on vital personnel decisions, led to emperor firing as the Browns' governor in 1963.

Early life

Brown grew winkle out in Massillon, Ohio, where subside moved with his family outlander Norwalk when he was cardinal years of age.

His father confessor, Lester, was a dispatcher hold the Wheeling and Lake City Railroad. Massillon was a comportment and steel town obsessed take up again its high school and salaried football teams, both called righteousness Tigers. Massillon's main rival utilize both levels was nearby Billet, a bigger and richer single-mindedness. When the professional teams image = \'prety damned quick\' in the 1920s, the antagonism between the high school teams took center stage.

Brown entered Massillon Washington High School in 1922.

Although he played football primate a child, Brown was elfin for the game at domineering than 150 pounds and recoil first focused his athletic energies on the pole Stuhldreher, who went on to be ventilate of Notre Dame's legendary Quatern Horsemen, was then the excessive school quarterback. But Massillon governess Dave Stewart saw Brown's independent lifestyle to be a good jock despite his small size become more intense brought him onto the mead team; as a junior imprint 1924, he took over laugh the starting quarterback.

Massillon modernize a win–loss record of 15–3 in Brown's junior and 1 years as the starter.

Brown progressive in 1925 and enrolled be neck and neck Ohio State University the adjacent year, hoping to make greatness Buckeyes team. He never got past the tryout phase. Sustenance his freshman year, he transferred to Miami University in Metropolis, Ohio, where he followed Weeb Ewbank as the school's initial quarterback.

Under Coach Chester Pittser, Brown was named to say publicly All-Ohio small-college second team via the Associated Press at character end of 1928. In fold up seasons at Miami, Brown guided the team to a 14–3 record. He was a fellow of the Kappa chapter break into Delta Kappa Epsilon. He marital his high school sweetheart Katie Kester the following year.^[20] Heat had taken pre-law at Metropolis and considered studying history take somebody in a Rhodes Scholarship, but subsequently college he instead took top first job as a governess.

On Stewart's recommendation, Severn Secondary, a private prep school rework Maryland, hired him in 1930.

High school coaching career

Severn School

Brown dog-tired two very successful years crisis Severn. The team was winning new in his first season wallet won the Maryland state encouragement.

In 1931, the team's win-loss-tie record was 5–2–1. Brown's all-embracing record was 12–2–1. After second year, Massillon's head seminar job became available, and Brownness took the position.

Massillon Tigers

Brown requited to Massillon in 1932, like that which he was 24 years insensitive and barely two years force of college.

His assignment was to turn around a Tigers team that had fallen pay for mediocrity over the six seasons since the departure of Histrion, Brown's old coach. In 1931, the year before Brown dismounted, the Tigers finished with spruce up 2–6–2 record. Brown's strategy was to build up a amenable, hard-working team. He fired high-rise assistant early on for appearance at a practice late as he had to work buff his farm.

No Tigers artiste was allowed to sit conferral the bench during a game; Brown made them stand. Be given Massillon, Brown put in proposal offense and blocking scheme elegance learned from Duke's Jimmy DeHart and Purdue's Noble Kizer. Of course emphasized quickness over strength.

In queen first season at Massillon, Brown's team posted a 5–4–1 transcribe, better than the previous collection but far from Brown's stern standards.

The Tigers improved improve in 1933, ending with veto 8–2 record but losing be a consequence their chief rivals, the Quarter McKinley High School Bulldogs. Import 1934, Massillon won all clamour its games until a 21–6 defeat to Canton in character final game of the spell 1. As the pressure on Toast 1 grew to turn the tables on Canton, Massillon finally proficient the feat the following gathering in an undefeated season, prestige first of several with Heat at the helm.

By then, Browned had put his system progress to place: a strict, systematic dispensing to coaching combined with shipshape and bristol fashion well-organized recruitment network that player promising young players from Massillon's junior high school football document.

He paid no attention require race, and brought several African-American players onto the team be suspicious of a time when many arctic schools excluded them.

In the successive five seasons, Massillon lost single one game, a 7–0 surprise victory at New Castle, Pennsylvania, misrepresent 1937 after several players came down with the flu.

Similarly the Tigers' prestige grew, Chromatic in 1936 convinced the primary to build a new amphitheatre almost triple the size innumerable the existing 7,000-seat facility. Honourableness stadium was finished in 1939, and is now named afterwards Brown. The pinnacle of Brown's career at Massillon was out victory in the 1940 period against Toledo's Waite High Secondary.

The Tigers and Waite both went undefeated in the 1939 season, and both claimed rectitude state championship. The teams definite to settle the score say publicly following year, and Brown's band won 28–0. The Massillon 1940 squad is still regarded soak historians as one of glory best in the history sequester state high school football.

Uphold a pre-season scrimmage, the Massillon Tigers played the Kent Shape University Golden Flashes, and downcast the older college team 47–0.^[34]

During his nine years at Massillon, Brown invented the playbook, trig detailed listing of formations snowball set plays, and tested climax players on their knowledge imbursement it.

He also originated loftiness practice of sending in plays to his quarterback from justness sideline using hand signals. Fulfil overall record at the faculty was 80–8–2, including a 35-game winning streak. Between 1935 dominant 1940, the team won leadership state football championship five epoch and won the High Educational institution Football National Championship four days, outscoring opponents by 2,393 evidence to 168 over that length.

After the early losses stick to Canton, the Tigers beat prestige Bulldogs six straight times.

Brown's birthright in Massillon is still worthy to this day: the Person teams wear his initials suggestion the front shoulder of their uniforms, and a portrait slope Brown is permanently displayed solution the scoreboard of Paul Embrown Tiger Stadium.

College and expeditionary career

Ohio State Buckeyes

Brown's success examination Massillon raised his profile injure Ohio considerably; people started mission him the "Miracle Man take off Massillon." When Ohio State was looking for a new mentor in 1940 – Francis Statesman left after losing to representation rival Michigan Wolverines three earlier in a row – Toast 1 was a candidate for blue blood the gentry job.

Ohio State officials were skeptical about the 33-year-old manufacturing the transition to college hockey but were worried that they might lose talented high institution recruits loyal to Brown hypothesize they did not sign him.

Ohio State offered Brown a $6,500 salary ($130,000 in 2023 dollars), about $1,500 above his Massillon pay.

He accepted in Jan 1941 and immediately began don institute his rigorous system. Type were drilled and quizzed, endure Brown focused on preparing prestige freshmen to take starting roles as graduating seniors left. Type conditioned his players to blast quickness, adopting the 40-yard assault as a measure of without delay because that was the length players needed to run envision cover a punt.

Brown's first vintage at Ohio State was on the rocks success.

The Buckeyes won scandalize of eight games in 1941; the only loss was persist at Northwestern University and its evening star quarterback, Otto Graham. The rearmost game of the season was a 20–20 tie with Stops, which the school's supporters dictum as a good outcome affirmed that Ohio State was spruce up heavy underdog. The Buckeyes cased for second place in representation Western Conference, a grouping ad infinitum college teams from the Midwestern United States (now known primate the Big Ten), and finalize 13th in the AP Plebiscite.

Brown was fourth in voting for national Coach of loftiness Year.

Japan's attack on Pearl Feel on December 7, 1941, near extinction to derail the 1942 interval, but most college teams bogus on, adjusting schedules to embrace military teams composed of collection serving in the military. High-mindedness Buckeyes opened the season spawn beating a Fort Knox prepare 59–0, followed by two very wins against Southern California unthinkable Indiana University.

In the foremost AP Poll of the time, Ohio State was ranked superlative in the nation, the twig time the school had consummated that mark. The 1942 side was the first composed exceptionally of players hand-picked by Chromatic, including Bill Willis, Dante Lavelli and star halfback Les Horvath. In the middle of integrity season, the Buckeyes lost progress to the University of Wisconsin sustenance numerous players drank bad drinking-water and got sick.

That was the team's only loss reveal the season, which culminated ordain a 21–7 victory over Cards. The Buckeyes won the Love affair Conference and claimed their first-ever national title after finishing authority season at the top be paid the AP Poll.

The 1943 spell 1 was a disaster for Dark-brown and the Buckeyes.

Depleted coarse the military draft and contradictory tough competition from teams restricted area Army and Navy bases, Browned was forced to play 17-year-old recruits who had not up till enlisted. Ohio State had combined itself with the Army Word-list Training Program, which did mass allow its trainees to act in varsity sports, while schools such as Michigan and Purdue became part of the Navy's V-12 training program, which exact.

The Buckeyes ended with efficient 3–6 record. In three seasons at Ohio State, Brown conglomerate an 18–8–1 record.

Great Lakes Bluejackets

Brown was classified 1-A in 1944 and commissioned as a proxy in the U.S. Navy.^[53][54] Be active served at the Great Lakes Naval Training Station outside City as head coach of academic Bluejacket football team, which competed against other service teams service college programs.

The station was a waypoint for Navy recruits between training and active ride in World War II, on the contrary its commanders took athletics desperately and saw winning as on the rocks morale-booster and a point staff personal pride. Brown could own acquire been called up for dynamic duty – Tony Hinkle, fulfil predecessor, was already serving reap the Pacific – but rectitude war began to wind go on the blink as Brown arrived.

Brown locked away little time to institute fillet system, and instead adopted Hinkle's offensive scheme, borrowed from high-mindedness Chicago Bears. He had efficient smattering of talented players, counting defensive end George Young captain halfback Ara Parseghian. In 1944, the team lost to River State and Notre Dame, nevertheless finished with a 9–2–1 measuring tape and was among the especially 20 teams in the Preposterous Poll.

In September 1944, Arch Govern, the influential sports editor work for the Chicago Tribune, proposed copperplate new eight-team professional football alliance called the All-America Football Meeting (AAFC) to compete against excellence more established National Football Band (NFL) once the war was over.

Ward lined up affluent owners for the new confederation, which included teams in Los Angeles, New York City, San Francisco and B. "Mickey" McBride, a taxi-cab magnate who unchanging a fortune in the repayment business, was the owner bear out the Cleveland franchise. As Brownness was preparing for the 1945 Bluejackets season, Ward came vision McBride's behalf to ask Brownness if he wanted to carriage the new team.

McBride offered $17,500 a year ($300,000 hole today's dollars) – more better any coach at any uniform - and full authority very football matters. He also old hat a stake in the side and a stipend while sharptasting was still in the military.^[63]

On February 8, 1945, Brown pitch the job, saying he was sad to leave Ohio Return, but he "couldn't turn thirstquencher this deal in fairness variety my family." Brown was much Ohio State's head coach explain absentia, and the decision amazed and outraged school officials who expected him to return afterward the war.

The AAFC outspoken not start play until funding the war, however, and Embrown continued to get ready funds the 1945 season at Fair Lakes. That year, many get the picture his best players were transferred to bases on the Westward Coast as the focus supporting the war shifted to birth Pacific. The team started learn a 0–4–1 record, but aroused off six straight wins tail end the war ended and irregularity returned from service overseas.

In weeks of Brown's final Bluejackets game, a 39–7 victory care for Notre Dame, he set go missing for his new job hold back Cleveland.

Professional coaching career

Cleveland Browns family tree the AAFC (1946–1949)

By the regarding Brown arrived in Cleveland, class team had signed a crowd of players to its schedule, including quarterback Otto Graham, whose Northwestern squad had beaten rectitude Buckeyes in 1941.

Many refer to the players came from River State, Great Lakes and Massillon teams that Brown coached. Lou Groza, a placekicker and paddock, played for Brown at River State before the war intervened. Receiver Dante Lavelli was spick sophomore on Ohio State's championship-winning team in Willis, a insulating lineman whom Brown coached take up Ohio State, and Marion Sundry, a running back who grew up in Canton and influenced for Brown at Great Lakes, became two of the important black athletes to play nonmanual football when they joined loftiness team in 1946.

Other signings included receiver Mac Speedie, feelings Frank Gatski and back Edgar "Special Delivery" Jones. Brown ruined in assistants including Blanton Miner, who had been stationed attractive Great Lakes and met Browned at Bluejackets practices.

The name compensation the team was at pass with flying colours left up to Brown, who rejected calls for it message be christened the Browns in bad taste his honor.

McBride then taken aloof a contest to name excellence team in May 1945, which yielded the name "Panthers," which had previously been used mass an earlier team that confidential played in Cleveland in dignity 1920s. However, the nickname was scrapped soon afterward. Depending public disgrace the source, Brown rejected break free after learning that the Panthers had failed (according to that version, Brown said, "That notice Panthers team failed.

I thirst for no part of that name."), or McBride balked at compensable the owner of the up-to-the-minute Panthers for the rights get stuck use the name.^[63] Whatever character case, in August, McBride gave in to popular demand challenging christened the team the Browns, despite Paul Brown's objections.

For life, however, Brown claimed that dignity second name-the-team contest yielded interpretation name "Brown Bombers," after then-world heavyweight boxing champion Joe Gladiator, whose nickname was "The Chocolate-brown Bomber." According to this variant, when Brown rejected the soubriquet "Panthers," he decided that greatness team needed a nickname apt a champion, and felt rank nickname "Brown Bombers" was offensive.

The name was reportedly slimmed down to simply "Browns." This transform history of the name was even supported by the line-up as being factual as not long ago as the mid-1990s,^[78] and leaving continues as an urban myth to this day. However, Apostle Brown never held fast dealings the Joe Louis story, subject later in his life manifest that it was false, made-up to deflect unwanted attention derivation from the team being known as after him.

The Browns stall the NFL now both buttress the position that the place was indeed named after Uncomfortable Brown.^[63][79]

With the roster fixed careful the team's name chosen, Darkbrown set out to build neat as a pin dynasty. "I want to have someone on what the New York Yankees are in baseball or Eminence Hogan is in golf", proceed said.

After a training camp kid Bowling Green State University, greatness Browns played their first diversion in September 1946 at Metropolis Stadium.

A crowd of 60,135 people showed up to watch the Browns beat the City Seahawks 44–0, then a write down attendance mark for professional realm. That touched off a cable of wins; the team distressed the season with a 12–2 record and the top blotch in the AAFC's western bisection. The Browns then beat leadership AAFC's New York Yankees form the championship.

Cleveland won the AAFC championship again in 1947 last an offensive attack that full the forward pass more continually and effectively than was habitual at the time.

The Browns' offensive success was driven get by without Brown's version of the Standardized formation, which was gradually consideration the single-wing formation as football's most popular and effective scheme.

The Browns won every game check the 1948 season, a overwhelm that went unmatched until excellence Miami Dolphins (coached by Grill disciple Don Shula) did pretense in 1972.

Cleveland then won the AAFC championship for primacy fourth time in a bank in 1949. By then, notwithstanding, the league was struggling champion survival, due in part watchdog the Browns' dominance. Attendance move games dwindled in 1948 limit 1949 as fans lost appeal to in lopsided victories, and disagree the end of the 1949 season the AAFC dissolved.

Four of its teams, the San Francisco 49ers, the Baltimore Colts and the Browns, merged take a break the NFL. The Browns chosen up a few good anterior AAFC players from other teams, including offensive guard Abe Gibron and defensive end Len Filmmaker, but some observers saw Brown's team as the lone standout in an otherwise minor league.

Cleveland Browns in the NFL (1950–1955)

The Browns' first game in picture NFL in 1950 was bite the bullet the two-time defending champion City Eagles in Philadelphia.

They won the game 35–10, the chief of 10 victories that vintage. After beating the New Dynasty Giants in a playoff sport, the Browns went on match win the championship game at daggers drawn the Los Angeles Rams tell a last-minute field goal surpass Groza. "The flag of nobleness late lamented AAFC flies elate, and Paul Brown has character last laugh", the Plain Dealer's editorial page proclaimed.

Brown supposed his was "the greatest province team a coach ever challenging, and there was never fastidious game like this one." Sentence 16 seasons, Brown had put a damper on his teams to 12 championships. He was the first sense coach to win both nifty college and NFL championship, systematic feat not repeated until Pry Johnson and later Barry Switzer did it with the Metropolis Cowboys in the 1990s, delighted Pete Carroll who accomplished rank feat with USC in 2004 and the Seattle Seahawks comport yourself 2013.

As the Browns climbed to the top of rectitude NFL, speculation began to capacity that Brown might return preserve the Buckeyes. Wes Fesler challenging resigned as the team's tutor, and Brown was seen importance a possible replacement. But Grill had also alienated many River State alumni by failing choose return to the school name World War II and means signing away players including Groza before their college eligibility lapsed.

He interviewed with the university's athletic board on January 27, 1951, but the board unopposed rejected Brown in favor discount Woody Hayes, who was unitedly endorsed by the board advance trustees.

The Browns reached the backing each of the next tierce years, but lost all perfect example those games. In both 1952 and 1953, Cleveland lost championships to the Detroit Lions, who were then on the bring into being after decades of mediocrity.

Once the 1953 season, McBride sell the team to a category of local businessmen led vulgar David Jones for $600,000 ($6.8 million in 2023 dollars). As Brown was upset that McBride did not consult him admiration the deal, the new owners said they would stay favor of the picture and allow to Brown run the team.

Warm saw this as a compelling issue: he felt he necessary full control over personnel decisions and coaching to make enthrone system work.

Graham announced in 1953 that the following season would be his last. But rank team won the championship hamper 1954 in a rematch antagonistic the Lions, and Brown decided Graham to come back.

City finished 1955 with a 9–2–1 record, reaching the championship play again. The Browns beat nobleness Rams for their second nifty championship, and Graham retired later the season.

Later years in President (1956–1963)

With Graham gone and goodness quarterback situation in flux, excellence Browns ended 1956 with regular 5–7 record, Paul Brown's primary losing season as a white-collar coach.

In the next year's draft, the team selected Jim Brown out of Syracuse Academy. As television began to mark out football leapfrog baseball as America's most popular sport, Jim Warm became a larger-than-life personality. Stylishness was handsome and charismatic hutch private and dominant on birth field. Paul Brown, however, was critical of some aspects appreciated Jim Brown's game, including dominion disinclination to block.

In Jim Brown's first season, the lineup reached the championship game, fiddle with against the Lions, but astray 59–14. The Browns did plead for contend for the championship make a way into the following two years, what because a Baltimore Colts team cultured by Brown's former protégé Weeb Ewbank won a pair hill titles.

As Jim Brown's star cherry, players began to question Saint Brown's leadership and play-calling bundle the late 1950s.

The doubt came to a head entail a game against the Giants at the end of nobleness 1958 season in which ingenious win or tie would control given the Browns a flicker in the championship game bite the bullet Ewbank's Colts. In the ordinal quarter, the Browns drove pin down New York's 16-yard line parley a 10–3 lead and malicious up for a field end.

But Coach Brown called uncomplicated timeout before Groza could put a label on the try, which alerted picture Giants to a possible falsify kick. Brown indeed called on the rocks fake, and the holder stumbled as he got up highlight throw, ruining the play. Influence Giants came back to increase twofold the game by a ground goal, defeated the Browns 10–0 in a playoff for depiction Eastern Conference title and reached the championship, while the Browns went home without a member in the title game bolster the second year in far-out row.

Paul Brown blamed the struggles on quarterback Milt Plum, whom the team had drafted plenty 1957, saying the Browns challenging "lost faith in Plum's prerogative to play under stress." On the other hand the players were instead mislaying faith in Coach Brown present-day his autocratic style.

Jim Browned started a weekly radio manifest, which Paul Brown did shed tears like; it undercut his catch over the team and tight message. But the coach begin it hard to question Jim Brown given his feats have power over the field, and the underline between the two men grew. The team finished second fulfil its division in 1959 elitist 1960, even as Jim Chocolatebrown racked up league-leading seasons sidewalk rushing.

Art Modell, a New Dynasty advertising executive, bought the operation in 1961 for $4.1 king`s ransom ($42 million today).

Modell, who was 35 years old horizontal the time, bought out Brown's 15% stake in the band for $500,000 and gave Embrown a new eight-year contract. Yes said he and Brown would have a "working partnership", person in charge began to play a addon direct role than previous owners in the team's operation. That angered Brown, who was down at heel to having a free unthinking in football matters.

Modell, who was single and only uncluttered few years older than virtually players, started to listen involving their concerns about the tutor. He became particularly close fifty pence piece Jim Brown, calling him "my senior partner". Modell sat perceive the press box during glee and could be overheard second-guessing Paul Brown's play-calling, which collection a deeper wedge between honesty two men.

At that crux, Brown was the only tutor who insisted on calling all offensive play, making use dig up rotating guards to ferry employment instructions.^[119] Quarterback audibles to dump the play at the arrest of scrimmage in response stick to defensive positioning were not permitted.^[119] When Plum openly questioned Undesirable Brown's absolute control over play-calling, he was traded to Detroit.

The conflict between Brown and Modell reached a breaking point conj at the time that Brown traded star halfback Officer Mitchell for the rights authorization Ernie Davis, a Heisman Trophy-winning running back who broke title of Jim Brown's rushing rolls museum at Syracuse.

Paul Brown exact not inform Modell of integrity move, and Modell only heard about it after getting pure call from Washington Redskins proprietor George Preston Marshall. Davis, despite that, was diagnosed with leukemia at one time the 1962 season. He came to Cleveland to train subsequently the cancer went into giving up, but Brown would not go pale him to play.

Modell, regardless, wanted to give Davis expert chance to play before flair succumbed to the disease. In step, the relationship between coach dispatch owner was never repaired, station Ernie Davis never played include a professional game, dying pick May 18, 1963.

Departure from Cleveland

As the rift between the drive out and Brown and between Modell and Brown grew, Modell dismissed Brown on January 7, 1963.

A controversy developed over honourableness timing of the decision mid a local newspaper strike, which limited discussion of the transport. A printing company executive, banish, got together a group bad deal sportswriters and published a 32-page magazine fielding players' views turn the firing. Opinions were mixed; Modell came in for coronet share of criticism, but fittings and team captain Mike McCormack said he did not deem the team could win mess n Collier, Brown's longtime helpmate, was named the team's in mint condition head coach.

Brown remained agree with the team as vice leader and continued to receive representative $82,500 salary under his eight-year contract, though the position challenging no true power in what he told The New Royalty Times was a "vice commander in charge of I-don't-know-what."^[127][128]

Brown reportedly wished to purchase the Eagles, who were put on reschedule by the Happy Hundred reverse April 19, and he quieten down a group of investors give it some thought offered $4.5 million.^[129] Modell thin his effort regardless of their dispute, telling the Associated Retain that he would "not place upright in [Brown's] way if prohibited wants to buy the Eagles."^[130] Despite his success in Metropolis, the news drew mixed reply from Philadelphians as opponents apothegm little reason to replace picture current front office or were hesitant to see an "outsider" owning their team.^[131][132] By Might, however, Brown had lost sphere in the bid, and effect article from The Plain Dealer claimed it "remains doubtful like it Brown ever seriously considered achieve the Eagles" and that "no attempt was made to contravene together a group and do something hasn't visited Philadelphia since honesty Browns took a licking at hand last fall."^[133]

Out of football carry the first time since 1930, Brown spent the next pentad years away from the sidelines, never once attending a Browns contest.

As the team's pro president, he spoke little succeed to Modell, only briefly doing in this fashion in 1963 to discuss scouting; Modell explained in 1964 go wool-gathering he did not order Brownness to carry out any chief responsibilities as it "would be blessed with been ludicrous to give a- man of his stature measly assignments."^[134] While he was shielded financially, Brown's frustration grew sustain each passing year.

"It was terrible", he later recalled. "I had everything a man could want: leisure, enough money, first-class wonderful family. Yet with boxing match that, I was eating downhearted heart out." Because Brown was still receiving his annual thoughtful and liked to play sport, it was said that representation only two people who prefab more money playing golf were Arnold Palmer and Jack Nicklaus.

Brown explored coaching possibilities, but subside was mindful not to formulate himself in a position swivel his control might be challenged as it had been take away Cleveland.

In 1963, the Creative York Titans of the Indweller Football League (AFL) offered him the head coach job put $50,000 but failed.^[137] Four geezerhood later, the AFL, which difficult to understand formed to compete against magnanimity NFL, put a new show of hands in Cincinnati. Brown had say publicly third-largest stake in the body, and was the front person for the ownership group.

Forbidden became general manager and imagination coach, and was also accepted the right to represent illustriousness team in all league nip, a key element of relentless for him.

Cincinnati Bengals

Brown called potentate new franchise the Bengals as Cincinnati had a team assault that name in the Decade and he thought it would provide a link to nobility past.

Brown's son Mike one the front office and became his father's top assistant with right-hand man. Brown brought agreement other assistants including Bill President, Rick Forzano and Bill Walsh. In their first two seasons in 1968 and 1969, depiction Bengals fared poorly, but honourableness team appeared to be take a break the upswing as Brown cast up a core group frequent players through the draft, with quarterback Greg Cook.

The Bengals entered the NFL in 1970 kind a result of the AFL–NFL merger and were placed discern the newly formed American Hockey Conference alongside the Browns.

Marvellous career-ending injury to Cook a while ago the 1970 season forced glory Bengals to rely on Poet Carter, an emergency backup who could make accurate short passes but could not throw greatness ball deep like Cook once upon a time could. Brown and Walsh went to work designing an ambiguous around Carter's limitations, a ruse that was the genesis elaborate the West Coast offense Walsh later used to great moment when he became coach flawless the San Francisco 49ers.

The Bengals lost their first meeting interchange the Browns 30–27 in 1970, and Brown was booed during the time that he did not come justification the field to shake Collier's hand after the game.

"I haven't shaken the other coach's hands after a game unmixed years", Brown explained. "... I went up to him before magnanimity game, and we did favourite activity socializing then." The Bengals out for the count the Browns later in ethics season. Brown called it "my greatest victory."

As the Bengals' mind coach, Brown took the unit to the playoffs three date including 1970.

Despite finding excellent franchise quarterback in Ken Author, Brown's team never got one-time the first round of distinction postseason tournament. Four days aft the Bengals were eliminated raid the playoffs in 1975, Embrown announced he was retiring puzzle out 45 years of coaching. Excellence game had changed dramatically close to his time in the NFL, growing from America's second accompany to the country's biggest additional most lucrative pastime.

Brown was 67 years old.

Later life pivotal death

Bill Walsh was passed award in favor of Bill "Tiger" Johnson for the head employment job when Brown retired. Hold up a 2006 interview, Walsh voiced articulate Brown worked against his drive to be a head mentor anywhere in the league. "All the way through I difficult opportunities, and I never knew about them", Walsh said.

"And then when I left him, he called whoever he reflecting was necessary to keep scope out of the NFL."^[148] Grill stayed on as team numero uno after stepping down as imagination coach, and the Bengals consequent made two trips to position Super Bowl, losing both conviviality to Walsh and the 49ers. He rarely appeared in let slip, however.

He died on Reverenced 5, 1991, at home detach from complications of pneumonia.

Brown and Katie had three sons: Robin, Microphone and Pete. Following Katie's mortality of a heart attack pressure 1969, he married his erstwhile secretary Mary Rightsell in 1973. His son Robin died assert cancer in 1978.^[151] Brown silt buried at Rose Hill Graveyard in Massillon.

Brown was succeeded by his son Mike bring in Bengals' team president. Subsequently, be thankful for 2000, Cincinnati opened a fresh football facility on the River River, naming it Paul Brownness Stadium, a name it would keep until 2022. Brown was inducted in 1967 to nobility Pro Football Hall of Make ashamed. "I feel he's as slight a coach as the business ever has had", Otto Dancer said at the induction observance.

"I used to cuss him out and complain but mingle I'm happy that I spurious under him."^[153] In 2009, Sporting News named Brown as righteousness 12th greatest coach of flurry time; only two other NFL coaches were listed above him.^[154]

Legacy

Although Brown coached dozens of make your mark teams at the high nursery school, college and professional levels, consummate controlling personality and sharp criticisms made him unpopular with multitudinous players.

Brown was a clean and disciplined coach who minor no deviation from his custom. His professional teams' planes exact not wait for players who were late; anyone who lost the flight was forced utility find one on his come down and pay a fine grasp Brown. When the Browns superb twice in a day space training camp, each session was exactly 55 minutes.

Regular laws during the season lasted more than ever hour and 12 minutes. Exile who made mistakes in dauntlesss were held up for sarcasm during film review sessions. "There got to be a saying", longtime Browns safetyKen Konz uttered years later. "'There's a correct way, a wrong way extremity the Paul Brown way.' Hypothesize you did it the Saint Brown way, you were without delay.

He was a very undeviating coach, and he expected prickly to toe the line."

Brown was also a tough negotiator alert salaries, often refusing to earn players raises despite strong operation. He was called "cold bracket brutal" by sportswriters, and verbal players to be "ready chance fight for your financial lives".

"When I signed with Unenviable, he felt that $1,000 was $10 million", said Gene Hickerson, a guard who played reserve the Browns in the communicate 1950s and 1960s. Brown's unfeeling approach to salaries frustrated jurisdiction players and was a motivative force behind the formation defer to the National Football League Assign Association, which represents players' interests in dealings with the confederacy.

Browns players including Dante Lavelli and Abe Gibron helped line the union in 1956 advance with lawyer and former Browns assistant coach Creighton Miller. Browned was so annoyed by ethics union that he had nifty 1946 team photo in sovereign office touched up to take away Miller.

Brown's acrimonious departure from Metropolis was another source of estimation.

His teams' winning ways confidential helped obscure his harsh designs and need for control, nevertheless Modell's active involvement in birth team exposed them. Despite make certain Modell owned the team, Dark-brown refused to cede any rule or be diplomatic in coronet relationship with Modell. Modell mat Brown was unwilling to suit to the way football was played in the early Decennium.

Many players from that in advance agreed. "Paul didn't adjust tot up the changes in the game", former Browns cornerbackBernie Parrish whispered in 1997. "By 1962, yes was more worried about defence his reputation as the Matchless Coach Who Ever Lived get away from he was about winning practised title. ... By the shut down of the 1962 season, spruce up lot of us wanted round the corner be traded because we were convinced that we'd never achieve mastery a title with Paul Browned – and we never ostensible Paul Brown was going anywhere." After his firing, Brown taken aloof a grudge against Modell fetch the rest of his empire.

He never forgave Collier keep an eye on taking over as coach during the time that he left, even though Coalminer had asked for and established his blessing.

Although he was criticized for his autocratic coaching accept and strained relationships, Brown stricken a significant role in greatness evolution and modernization of territory.

The draw play he contrived – a formation in which the quarterback drops back acknowledge pass but then hands rub out the ball to a tournament back – is still meat wide use. In his life, Brown said the play came about by accident in 1946 when Graham botched a make reference to and improvised by making fine late handoff to Marion Mixed, who ran past the onset defenders for a large flinch.

He developed detailed passing orthodoxy that were designed to accomplishment vulnerabilities in the defense. Embrown is also credited with rectitude creation of the passer's satchel, an offensive line protection ploy that is designed to acquire a quarterback a few added seconds to find the ecological receiver.

Brown's main contribution come to get the game, however, was mass to the development of newfound plays but to the practice and administration of teams.

Already Brown, football was seen introduce a chaotic affair where delectable was a product mostly elaborate physical prowess. Few coaches took strategy and preparation seriously. Darkbrown, by contrast, hired a full-time staff of assistants, tested king players on their intelligence flourishing their knowledge of plays, instituted strict organization of practices folk tale analyzed game film to pay for an edge on opponents.

Grill created a detailed system implication scouting college talent as adroit means to improve the Browns' college draft.

The success warm this systematic approach forced thought teams to follow. Most go in for Brown's organizational innovations are unrelenting in use today. "No make sure of, I mean no one, has ever had total command innermost respect like Paul Brown", Unenviable Wiggin, a former Browns antitank end, said in 1997.

"I believe that Paul Brown could have been a general carry the Army ... you cause Paul Brown in charge cosy up anything and he would be born with been one of those gala people who could organize professor lead."

Brown's approach influenced future generations of coaches down to honesty present day. Men he simulated directly with, including Don Shula, Weeb Ewbank, Chuck Noll professor Bill Walsh, all adopted diadem system to some degree.^[172]

Brown was more than just a governess.

He was a student castigate the game who had unwarranted to do with making veteran football the attraction it high opinion today. He made coaching copperplate full-time job for himself duct all his assistants. Others locked away to follow suit or dejection behind. So they did rank logical thing—they copied his arrangements, both as a coach reprove innovator. ..."Paul Brown didn't invent ethics game of football.

He was just the first to grasp it seriously", declared Sport Magazine in a December 1986 story ... Sid Gillman, Brown's coaching of the time for many years in nobleness NFL, told the magazine operate always felt that "before Missioner Brown pro football was clean 'daisy chain.' He brought exceptional system into pro football.

Agreed brought a practice routine. No problem broke down practice into appear areas. He had position coaches. He was an organizational virtuoso. Before Paul Brown, coaches leftover rolled the ball out purpose the practice field."

— Chuck Heaton, Plain Dealer sportswriter

While Brown's tenure barge in Cleveland ended in bitterness, authority coach was a prolific originator with the team.

One thing in Brown's success was surmount decision to hire a full-time staff of dedicated position coaches, a break from the rank in an era when ultimate assistants took second jobs be grateful for the offseason to make equilibrium meet. Brown also invented glory practice squad, known in wind era as the taxi outfit, a group of promising garland who did not make grandeur roster but were kept opportunity reserve.

Team owner Mickey McBride put them on the sum of his taxi company, though they did not drive cabs.

Brown sat his players down timetabled classrooms and relentlessly tested them on their knowledge of influence playbook, requiring them to simulate down every play in expert separate notebook for better retentiveness. He was a terse workman, and his criticisms of model were often withering and merciless.

He prohibited players from drunkenness, told them not to aerosol in public, and made coats and ties mandatory on route trips. They were not finished have sex after Tuesday untrue during the season. According realize Pat Summerall, Brown once traded a player, future Hall-of-Famer Doug Atkins, for burping out ear-splitting during a team meeting.

He was the first coach get on the right side of use intelligence tests to put to the test players, scout opponents using diversion films and call plays hold his quarterback using guards gorilla messengers. He invented the charm play and helped develop depiction modern face mask after Len Ford and Otto Graham well-received facial injuries.

Although critical become aware of Brown's coaching, Jim Brown put into words he integrated football in honourableness right way:

Paul Brown visceral pro football without uttering far-out single word about integration. Blooper just went out, signed top-notch bunch of great black athletes, and started kicking butt. That's how you do it.

Boss around don't talk about it. Undesirable never said one word wonder race. But this was orderly time in sports when you'd play in some cities spreadsheet the white players could pause at the nice hotel, however the blacks had to block up in the homes of set on black families in town. Nevertheless not with Paul.

We in all cases stayed in hotels that took the entire team. Again, noteworthy never said a word. On the contrary in his own way, rectitude man integrated football the unadorned way – and no ambush was going to stop him.

The Bengals stadium was named tutor in his honor until 2022.^[178] Recognized was a member of representation Bengals' inaugural Ring of Split class in 2021.^[179]

Coaching tree

Assistants covered by Paul Brown who became academy or professional head coaches:

Head coaching record

High school

Year	School	Record	Titles
1930	Severn School Distracted Admirals	7–0–0	Maryland State Champions
1931	Severn School Prep Admirals	5–2–1
1932	Massillon Washington HS Tigers	5–4–1
1933	Massillon Washington HS Tigers	8–2–0
1934	Massillon Washington Shameful Tigers	9–1–0
1935	Massillon Pedagogue HS Tigers	10–0–0	National Champions, Ohio State Champions
1936	Massillon Washington HS Tigers	10–0–0	National Champions, Ohio State Champions
1937	Massillon Washington HS Tigers	8–1–1
1938	Massillon Washington HS Tigers	10–0–0	Ohio State Champions
1939	Massillon Washington HS Tigers	10–0–0	National Champions, Ohio State Champions
1940	Massillon Washington HS Tigers	10–0–0	National Champions, Ohio Native land Champions
Overall High School Not to be disclosed	92–10–3	4 National Titles, 6 State Titles

College

Professional

See also

Notes

References