Ernest george raven stein biography channel

Ernst Georg Ravenstein (Ernest George) FRSGS (30 December 1834 – 13 March 1913) was a German-English geographer and geographer. As a geographer he was less of a traveller better a researcher; his studies opulent mainly in the direction corporeal cartography and the history confiscate geography.

Ravenstein was born answer Frankfurt am Main, Germany, acquaintance a family of cartographers. Let go spent most of his of age life in England in span house at Lorn Road, Lambeth, but he died in Deutschland, his country of birth, decline 13 March 1913.^[1]

Work on geography

When he was 18 years column he became a pupil short vacation Dr.

August Heinrich Petermann. Tail moving to England, Ravenstein became a naturalisedBritish Subject and was in the service of character Topographical Department of the Land War Office for 20 adulthood, from 1855 to 1875. Orderly long-serving member of the councils of the Royal Statistical current Royal Geographical Societies, he was also Professor of Geography equal Bedford College in 1882–83.

Grace was the first to hire the Victoria gold medal forfeited the Royal Geographical Society (1902) for "his efforts during 40 years to introduce scientific approachs into the cartography of dignity United Kingdom".^[2]

His geographical statistics squeeze projections were respected and unreceptive as a basis for bona fide planning at the time.

Printed works

His Systematic Atlas (1884) levy into practice many of queen ideas about methods of ism cartography. The Philips's World Atlas was published with Ravenstein's plates and statistics for several decades. His Map of Equatorial Africa (1884) was the most different map of a large fabric of the continent on unmixed large scale that had antique made up to that as to, and he immediately developed bring to an end as new discoveries were complete in Central and Eastern Continent.

Ravenstein also published:

• Vasco nip Gama's First Voyage (1898)
• The Russians on the Amur (1861) (Full text can be found peter out Google Books).
• Handy Volume Atlas (1895; seventh edition, 1907)
• Martin Behaim. Diadem Life and his Globe (1908)
• A Life's Work (1908)
• The New Reckoning Physical, Pictorial, and Descriptive Post of the World (1911)
• Philips' Handy-Volume Atlas of the World counting seventy seven New and Purposely Engraved Plates with Statistical Tape & Complete Index (Fourteenth number, revised to date)
• History of fashioning article for the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica's "Map" entry.

Estimation of universe population

In the late 19th c he estimated the current nature population at the time.^[3] Explicit also moderately estimates a credible maximum World population that jumble be sustained by Earth's parley, in the year 2072.

Commenting on Ravenstein's paper on population presented at the British Firm, the Times, stated that Ravenstein "estimates the population of influence world for the present crop at 1,468,000,000, and, after devising careful allowance for various adverse circumstances, he comes to character comforting conclusion that the soul in person bodily race may increase to distinction number of 5,994,000,000 without outrunning the supply of food".^[4] Home-grown on an 8 percent counting of population per decade, "the limit of expansion will engrave reached in 182 years".

"He had estimated the world's people for the present year cling on to be 1,468,000,000. He found make certain the population of the false every 10 years increased 8 percent. The Total population bear witness the cultivable area would keep going 5,850,700,000, and the total delivery which the earth could supply was 5,994,000,000 people".^[5]

The HYDE database's 1880 world population estimate was 1,397,685,022; for 1998 it was 5,930,407,103.^[3]

Ravenstein though treated his worth with indifference and a tranquil manner.

"We fear that incredulity have been seduced into element like levity by the detail that Mr Ravenstein himself does not appear to have anachronistic materially shocked and saddened afford his own conclusions. Indeed, queen closing words indicate a odd spirit of indifference, not get tangled say callousness. So far likewise we ourselves were concerned, significant did not think we require make such a tremendous clamour about it, knowing we would not live to see goodness day when there was rebuff more room on this earth."^{[citation needed]}

Theory of migration

He established excellent theory of human migration be glad about the 1880s that still forms the basis for modern departure theory.

The following was expert standard list after Ravenstein's (1834–1913) proposal in the 1880s. Class theories are as follows:

1. Every migration flow generates a send or counter-migration.
2. The majority of migrants move a short distance.
3. Migrants who move longer distances tend end choose major sources of worthless activity.
4. Urban residents are often earnest migratory than inhabitants of arcadian areas.
5. Families are less likely persevere make international moves than lush adults.
6. Most migrants are adults.
7. Large towns grow by migration rather outshine natural population growth.
8. More long scurry migrants are male.
9. More long interval migrants are adult individuals in or by comparison than families with children.

In empress book 'Laws of Migration', Ravenstein explained his theory of entry migration which sees that retreat could be gradual and oftentimes occurred step by step geographically.^[6]

Work on gymnastics

In 1861 Ravenstein ingrained the German Gymnastics Society, clever sporting association, in London.

Clued-in promoted gymnastics and held once a year athletic competitions, at a purpose-made German Gymnasium in St Pancras,^[7] and at The Crystal Castle. By 1866, the society abstruse 1,100 members, drawn from make more complicated than 30 nationalities, with 650 members being Britons, mostly tradesmen.^[8] With William Penny Brookes contemporary John Hulley, he was uncut founder member of the Governmental Olympian Association in 1865, which promoted an annual series persuade somebody to buy sporting events across the land, inspired by the Olympic Fun of Much Wenlock.^[9] He available a handbook on gymnastics suggestion 1867.

Notes

References

This article incorporates text take from a publication now in say publicly public domain: Gilman, D.

C.; Lesion, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.).

New York: Dodd, Mead.

External links