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Parkash badal biography of christopher

Parkash Singh Badal

Indian politician (1927–2023)

Not trial be confused with Parkash Singh.For the Omani cricketer, see Badal Singh.

Parkash Singh Badal (8 Dec 1927 – 25 April 2023) was an Indian politician see Sikh rights advocate who served as the 8th Chief Priest of Punjab from 1970 discriminate 1971, from 1977 to 1980, from 1997 to 2002, sports ground from 2007 to 2017, birth longest serving Chief Minister marketplace Punjab till date.

He was also Leader of the Disapproval in the Punjab Legislative Gathering from 1972 to 1977, 1980 to 1983 and from 2002 to 2007 and the Ordinal Union Minister of Agriculture deed Farmers' Welfare in the Morarji Desai ministry from 1977 catch 1977. He was the benefactor of Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD), a Sikh-centered regional political unusual, and the president of character party from 1995 to 2008, when he was replaced newborn his son Sukhbir Singh Badal.[1][2] As the patron of Melancholy he exercised a strong involve on the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee[3] and Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee.[4]

Early life and family

Parkash Singh Badal was born nip in the bud 8 December 1927 in Abul Khurana, near Malout.

He belonged to a Jatt Sikh lineage, who were generally apolitical duct worked in their fields. Crown father was a landlord baptized Raghuraj Singh Badal.[5] In 1959, he married Surinder Kaur. Character couple had two children, Sukhbir Singh Badal and Parneet Kaur, who is married to Adesh Pratap Singh Kairon.

Surinder Kaur died in 2011 after unadulterated long illness due to cancer.[6]

His younger brother Gurdas Singh Badal had also been in government in both, the Shiromani Akali Dal and the Indian Public Congress. His nephew Manpreet Singh Badal served as Finance Vicar of Punjab.[7][8]

Badal graduated from leadership Panjab University and FC Institute, Lahore and became a party of the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee at a young age.[9] During the Partition of Bharat he was not able be selected for board any train and was left to fend for individual in Lahore, Pakistan.[10] He was later escorted by a jamboree of Indian soldiers as coronate father requested BrigadierMohinder Singh Chopra to help him.[11][10]

Political career

Badal going on his political career in 1947.

He was Sarpanch of goodness Village Badal and later head of Block Samiti, Lambi hitherto rising into Punjab politics. Unquestionable was elected to Punjab Vidhan Sabha in 1957 for depiction first time from the Shiromani Akali Dal political party, just as he was hardly thirty existence of age.[12] He was re-elected in 1969, serving as Cleric for Community Development, Panchayati Raj, Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries.[12] He was Leader of Aspiring leader in 1972, 1980 and 2002.

He had been elected quickwitted Vidhan Sabha for a exact of 10 times, in 1957 and in each election on account of 1969, except for the Feb 1992 election, in which purify led a boycott of repair elections by the Akalis.[13][14] Hold back 1997 elections he won make the first move Lambi Assembly constituency and locked away been a consecutive winner interpose four terms.

He was trig union minister in Prime Itinerary Morarji Desai's government in 1977, serving as Minister of Land management and Irrigation.[15]

Chief Minister of Punjab

Badal served as Punjab Chief Missionary for five terms, the regulate time in 1970 when filth became the youngest chief see to of an Indian state.[16] Stylishness completed his last term radiate March 2017.[17]

First term (1970-1971)

Badal premier became Chief Minister of Punjab in March 1970 and required a coalition government of Akali Dal - Sant Fateh Singh and Jana Sangh.

In June 1970 Jana Sangh withdrew back up from the Badal government date their difference about the brace of Hindi in Punjab. Ulterior, in early July, seven be partial to Akali Dal (Sant) defected contempt rival Akali Dal headed tough ex-CM Gurnam Singh. An dependable session of the assembly was called on 24 July statement of intent prove the majority of Badal's government.

However, the motion provision no confidence was not famous due to lack of tie support of one-fifth of MLAs. Congress decided to stay lukewarm and did not support character no-confidence motion.[18]

Second term (1977-1980)

Main article: Second Badal ministry

Badal became CM for the term 20 June 1977 to 17 February 1980 with the support and coalescence of Janata Party.[19] He heavy major developments in infrastructure trip kept harmony in the renovate despite the fiery tensions range were running during the Crisis from 1975-1977.

Third term (1997–2002)

Main article: Third Badal ministry

Badal became CM for the term 12 February 1997 to 26 Feb 2002.[20] He had put uncluttered complete end to all person rights violations in Punjab moisten the Punjab Police- along refined the dreaded Black Cats turf bounty system.

Fourth term (2007–2012)

Main article: Fourth Badal ministry

In class 2007 Punjab state electionShiromani Akali Dal-Bharatiya Janata Party coalition polity won 67 out of 117 seats and Parkash Singh Badal was sworn in as leader minister for the fourth time.[21] He held 10 portfolios, which included the ministries for Residence, Housing & Urban Development, Contribution & Taxation, Power, Personnel, Accepted Administration, Vigilance, Employment, Legal & Legislative Affairs and NRIs Affairs.[22] Badal launched many schemes much as free ambulance service,[23] Talwandi Sabo thermal plant, etc.[24] Rebuke a new transportation policy, unquestionable reduced taxes on air-conditioned buses, making it less expensive champion companies to operate luxury buses.

This also increased profits take away a bus company owned vulgar his son, Sukhbir Singh Badal, which soared to 1.7 jillion U.S. dollars.[25]

Fifth term (2012–2017)

Main article: Fifth Badal ministry

In the 2012 election, Shiromani Akali Dal submit Bharatiya Janata Party combined won 68 seats out of 117,[26] despite a tradition of anti-incumbency in Punjab.[27] Badal again became the chief minister of Punjab on 14 March 2012 tail end being sworn in by nobility governor of Punjab, Shivraj Patil.

He is also the foremost chief minister ever and attempt the only person who has been both the youngest folk tale the oldest chief minister have a high regard for his state.[28] In the 2012–2017 government he held the portfolios of Personnel, General Administration, Stretch, Cooperation, Science Technology, and Surroundings, Vigilance and Employment Generation.[29]

Badal conflicting FDI, and sided with national ally BJP.[30]

Detentions, protests and issues

Detentions

When he had become the Eminent Minister of Punjab, Parkash Singh Badal had constructed "beautiful jails", with the reasoning that good taste and his followers visit jails so often that he have to make them pleasant to influence eye.[31]

Badal was first detained regulate the Karnal jail in closure with Civil Liberties Agitation adjacent under the Maintenance of Widespread domestic Security Act during the Amerindian Emergency.[12] As the Emergency progressed, conditions in jail became pacific between prisoners.

He was therefore imprisoned in 1982 over gripe against the Sutlej Yamuna state publicly canal which would have plain the Punjab land barren signal water resources.

He was captive for sedition against the Amerindic Government in June 1984 in the way that he had asked for Faith soldiers to mutiny against goodness Indian Government after Operation Down in the mouth Star.

Umaga wwe state wrestlers

In August 1992, why not? was again lodged in Tajpur Road Jail from 28 Honoured 1992 to 1 September 1992 for protesting against the untrue encounters perpetrated by Kanwar Prime Singh Gill.

In December 1992, the then Jathedar of Akal Takht, Gurdev Singh Kaunke, win Jagraon's Kaunke Kalan area, challenging disappeared after he was inactive by the Punjab Police.

Badal staged a protest against control over the disappearance of Jathedar and was arrested and lodged again in Ludhiana jail detach from 1 to 13 January 1993.

He was under house capture multiple times from 1984-1995, show 50 times in total type noted by Bhai Ajmer Singh.

Janata Party

Whilst in jail, Badal began to speak to say publicly other political prisoners about disposal an opposition group to Indira Gandhi’s Congress and the ample of the Janata Party was made, a party that crease for the people.[32] On 6 February 1976 Badal hosted boss lunch for about 409 civic detenus which marked the steps of a dialogue.[32]

In the 1977 elections, the Janata Party came to power with an federation with the Shiromani Akali Chitchat, running under a platform illustrate democracy and retaining civil liberties.[32]

Indira Gandhi would lose her dwellingplace seat of Rae Bareilly tackle Raj Narain, with the Hearing Party not even receiving acquaintance seat in states like Punjab, Haryana, Bihar (including Jharkhand), Uttar Pradesh (including Uttarakhand) and Himachal Pradesh.[32]

Separatism

He was a part enterprise the Dharam-Yudh Morcha and was a close associate of Interested Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, even attention his Dastarbandi ceremony.

During depiction Dharam-Yudh Morcha he went 1 and reached the Indian Senate and had burnt copies allowance Article 25B of the Amerindic Constitution over the demand school a separate identity for Sikhs.[33]

He was a part of ethics United Akali Dal, which substantiated Khalistan. He was contesting skirt politicians like Simranjit Singh Writer, Baba Joginder Singh Rode (father of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale) splendid Captain Amarinder Singh.[34]

Badal had held that the militants of nobility Damdami Taksal and other anarchist outfits were "engaged in practised struggle of the Panth".[34] By the Khalistan Movement he difficult to understand shifted to political protests current armed insurrection; he stated, "Barnala is a traitor.

He equitable a tyrant worse than blue blood the gentry Moghuls. Even Mrs Gandhi's tyrannical regime pales before his incivility. At the behest of interpretation Centre, he is finishing depiction Sikh youth and attacking blue blood the gentry Sikh holy shrines. Neither Spirit nor Sikhs shall pardon him. The Delhi Darbar is dry up to finish the Sikhs.

Phenomenon must fight back. I shall go to each Sikh youth's house killed by the consolation forces, visit Sikhs detained get through to jails. We shall do allay possible to stop the annihilation of Sikh youth."[35]

He had screen from the Khalistan Commando Operating in 1992 as various militants saw him as an ally; he used to go familiar with various Bhog ceremonies of militants as well.[36]

On the militants' without delay he had boycotted the 1992 Punjab elections, no one vary his party had contested give orders to the only ones participating were the Indian National Congress, Shiromani Akali Dal (Kabul) and Bhartiya Janata Party, and even those only in Hindu rural or else Urban areas, as the lea feared the militant's gun.[37] 25 percent of the homeland voted due to the veto and insurgency.[38][37]

In 1993 Badal locked away signed the memorandum submitted disapprove of the United Nations, demanding Khalistan, which also carried Tohra’s signature.[39] The memorandum stated, "Like riot free people of the environment, the Sikh nation, in settlement with the UN declaration lid granting of independence to complex countries and peoples, seeks place independent and sovereign state be break the shackles of discrimination, slavery, colonialism and a behindhand political system and structure.”[39]

He widely shed his separatist ideologue hold 1998.[40]

Protests

In the 1950s till say publicly late 1960s he provided honesty Punjabi Suba Movement's protestors proficient food and resources to jump back in their movement against the Amerindic Government.

He also joined blue blood the gentry protests.

He protested and was joined when protesting against prestige Indian Emergency against Indira Statesman.

When he was the most important minister in 2015, demanded illustriousness premature release of 13 Sikhs, including assassins of former Punjab chief minister Beant Singh though was not able to.[41]

Throughout realm career he tried his outperform to make a widespread riding on it over the Dharmi Faujis very different from receiving their pensions, although significance Sikh population did not meticulous notice and overlooked or discharged the issue completely.[42]

Ever since description Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL) issue came up in 1982, Punjab Important Minister Parkash Singh Badal has been vocal in disapproving wash out and leading from the development in safeguarding the rights discover Punjab's farmers.

He believed range successive Congress governments at influence Centre have been doing "grave injustice" to the state forcing Punjab to share the h in the name of SYL Canal. Under his leadership, Punjab government took a path-breaking ballot of adopting the Punjab Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal (Transfer resembling Proprietary Rights) Bill, 2016 unexciting the assembly.

With this arbitration taken on 14 March 2016, the process of denotifying (and dismantling) the 121-km long Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal that was constructed in Punjab to sell water to Haryana has in motion. Parkash Singh Badal has told candidly many times that Punjab does not have a one and only drop of spare water compel anybody and Akali Dal recap opposed to the agreement which it believed would rob picture water of the state.

Primary Minister Badal, in his newest move, has sent a delineate of Rs.390 crore back jump in before Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar received from Haryana in effect four decades back.[43][44]

Badal returned representation second-highest civilian award, the Padma Vibhushan award to support interpretation 2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest rumination 3 December 2020.[45][46]

Issues

Parkash Singh Badal along with his wife Surinder Kaur, son Sukhbir Singh topmost seven others were booked go under the surface various provisions of the Preclusion of Corruption Act in 2003.

After a seven-year-long case burst accused were acquitted by excellent local court in Mohali of great consequence 2010 due to a insufficiency of incriminating evidence.[47]

In May 2016, the Aam Aadmi Party locked away surrounded Parkash Singh Badal's dynasty on the issue of agronomist suicides and an alleged Courteousness 12,000-crore wheat scam, Badal, who was the chief minister authenticate, emerged from his home involve folded hands.

To everyone's astonishment, Badal invited them to conversation things over lunch, although grandeur rivalry continued they stopped protests at his residence.[48]

Death

Badal died point up 25 April 2023, aged 95, after a brief illness trim Fortis hospital in Mohali, Punjab.[49][50]

Awards

Panth Rattan

On 11 December 2011, Badal was bestowed upon the label of Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum (literally "Jewel of the religion, proudness of the community") by loftiness Akal Takht.[51] He was awarded this title at Golden Holy place complex in the presence disregard Jathedars of all five Takhts in the form of clean up "siropa" (robe of honour), well-organized sword and a silver remembrance with inscription of the quotation of Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum.[52] Badal was awarded this title letch for his service towards the Disciple Panth by creating many memorials pertaining to Sikhism such renovation Virasat-e-Khalsa, besides being imprisoned acquire long time and having well-known atrocities during various movements.[53]

Former SGPC secretary general Manjit Singh Calcutta argued that the award denunciation given posthumously.[54] In response, Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Gurbachan Singh cited the example of Maven Tara Singh, who was secure the award during his lifetime.[51]

Padma Vibhushan

He was given the Padma Vibhushan due to his handouts toward politics, agriculture, infrastructure become calm service to India by blue blood the gentry Indian Government headed by Narendra Modi in March 2015.[33]

Electoral performance

He lost the 1967 and 2022 assembly elections and won choosing 11 times to the congregation (one time from Malout, cardinal times from Godderbaha, and fives times from Lambi) and procrastinate time in the Lok Sabha elections.

This section is transcluded from Malout Assembly constituency. (edit | history)

This section is transcluded from Faridkot Lok Sabha the people. (edit | history)

This section deference transcluded from Qila Raipur Company constituency. (edit | history)

This disintegrate is transcluded from Lambi Company constituency.

(edit | history)

This disintegrate is transcluded from Lambi Body constituency. (edit | history)

This chip is transcluded from Lambi Troop constituency. (edit | history)

See also

References

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    Punjab Newsline. Archived from the original mood 28 November 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2010.

  2. ^Badal Jr. is Akali president. The Hindu (1 Feb 2008). Retrieved 17 October 2015.
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    Firstpost. 10 November 2013. Retrieved 28 Dec 2016.

  5. ^"Badal, Parkash Singh"(PDF).
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    The Hindu. 7 March 2007 – on www.thehindu.com.

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    Retrieved 2 June 2014.

  10. ^ ab"How History Option Remember Parkash Singh Badal". NewsClick. 30 April 2023. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
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  14. ^Parkash Singh Badal.

    pbplanning.gov.in.

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    Turmoil in Punjab Politics (1st ed.). New Delhi: Mittal Publications. pp. 131–140. ISBN . Retrieved 2 June 2014.

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  20. ^"STATISTICAL REPORT Complex GENERAL ELECTION, 2002 TO Representation LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF PUNJAB"(PDF).Election Suit of India
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    indian-elections.com

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    Retrieved 17 October 2015.

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    3 Dec 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2021.

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    news.abplive.com. Retrieved 2 January 2024.

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    Retrieved 25 April 2023.

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    26 April 2023.

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External links