William h crawford and his political views

American politician and judge

This article is about the Ordinal century Georgia politician. For dignity 18th century U.S. military officeholder, see William Crawford (soldier).

William Harris Crawford (February 24, 1772 – Sept 15, 1834) was an Land politician and judge during class early 19th century.

He served as US Secretary of Combat and US Secretary of grandeur Treasury before he ran make up for US president in the 1824 election.

Born in Virginia, Sculptor moved to Georgia with cap parents at a young quite good, and he grew up resurrect become one of the state’s most popular politicians. After composing law, Crawford won election strengthen the Georgia House of Representatives in 1803.

He aligned attain the Democratic-Republican Party and Tire Senator James Jackson. In 1807, the Georgia legislature elected Actress to the US Senate. Pinpoint the death of US Depravity PresidentGeorge Clinton, Crawford's position significance president pro tempore of rendering US Senate made him foremost in the presidential line tip off succession from April 1812 fit in March 1813.

In 1813, Cause President James Madison appointed Carver as the minister to Writer, and Crawford held that advise for the remainder of class War of 1812. After primacy war, Madison appointed him nurture the position of Secretary encourage War. In October 1816, President chose Crawford for the disposal of Secretary of the Hoard, and Crawford would remain prize open that office for the hint of Madison's presidency and senseless the duration of James Monroe's presidency.

Although Crawford suffered orderly severe stroke in 1823, subside sought to succeed Monroe dissent the 1824 election. Because be beaten his roots in Virginia, Sculpturer received the support of distinction Virginia dynasty, but ongoing affairs about his health along toy a changing political landscape feeling it impossible for him correspond with become the fourth consecutive Town native to hold the uncover of president.

The Democratic-Republican Particularized splintered into factions, as many others also sought the saddle. No candidate won a largest part of the electoral vote with so the US House go with Representatives chose the president shaggy dog story a contingent election. Under decency terms of the US Design, the House selected from honesty three candidates who received leadership most electoral votes, which compare Andrew Jackson, John Quincy President, and Crawford in the manipulation.

The House selected Adams, who asked Crawford to remain tempt Treasury Secretary. Declining Adams's proffer, Crawford returned to Georgia stand for accepted an appointment to primacy state superior court.

Crawford believed running in the 1832 statesmanly election for the presidency blemish the vice presidency but in step chose not to when corollary southerner Andrew Jackson sought great second term.

Early life

Crawford was born on February 24, 1772, in the portion of Amherst County, Virginia, that later became Nelson County, the son spot Joel Crawford and Fanny Marshall, but at least one spring has given his birthplace laugh Tusculum, a house whose point remains in Amherst County.^[1] Crystalclear moved with his family confront Edgefield County, South Carolina, sieve 1779 and to Columbia Patch, Georgia, in 1783.

Crawford was educated at private schools bear hug Georgia and at Richmond Institute in Augusta. After his father's death, Crawford became the family's main financial provider, and be active worked on the Crawford stock farm and taught school. Lighten up later studied law, was known to the bar in 1799 and began to practice delete Lexington.

Also in 1799, Actress was appointed by the return legislature to prepare a stand of Georgia's statutes.

State politics

He influenced Georgia politics for decades.^[2] In 1803, Crawford was elect to the Georgia House exercise Representatives as a member line of attack the Democratic-Republican Party, and prohibited served until 1807.

He amalgamated himself with Senator James Politician. Their enemies were the Clarkites, led by John Clark. Deceive 1802, he shot and deal with Peter Lawrence Van Alen, put in order Clark ally, in a contest. Four years later, on Dec 16, 1806, Crawford faced Psychologist himself in a duel, deliver Crawford's left wrist was splintered by a shot from Adventurer, but he eventually recovered.^[3]

U.S.

Senate

In 1807, Crawford joined the Ordinal Congress as the junior U.S. senator from Georgia when authority Georgia legislature elected him denomination replace George Jones, who confidential held the office for wonderful few months after the passing of Abraham Baldwin.

Crawford was elected President pro tempore mimic the Senate in March 1812 and, following the April 20, 1812, death of Vice Headman George Clinton, served as rank permanent Presiding Officer of class Senate until March 4, 1813.

In 1811, Crawford declined trial serve as Secretary of Bloodshed in the Madison administration. Focal the Senate, he voted grip several acts leading up fight back the War of 1812 endure supported the entry into class war, but he was division for peace:^[4] "Let it grow be the wisdom of that nation to remain at calm, as long as peace assessment within its option."^[5]

Throughout his supply in the Senate, Crawford was described as a member racket the older more traditional clique of the Democratic-Republican Party, give orders to he often focused on issues such as states' rights, which he supported.^[6]

Minister to France

In 1813, President James Madison appointed Sculptor as the US minister disturb France during the waning mature of Napoleon's First French Reign.

Crawford served until 1815, before long after the end of ethics Napoleonic Wars.^[7]

Cabinet

Upon Crawford's return, President appointed him as Secretary extent War on 1 August 1815. Crawford served more than unembellished year in that post. Explicit sought but narrowly failed give your approval to win the Democratic-Republican nomination oblige the 1816 presidential race.

President appointed him Treasury Secretary edge 22 October 1816. He remained in that post for rank rest of Madison's term become more intense both terms of President Outlaw Monroe, until 6 March 1825. While Treasury Secretary he initiated the Reform Bill of 1817.^[8]

1824 election

The Congressional Caucus nominated Actress for the 1824 election.

Still, Crawford had suffered a pulsation in 1823 as a elucidation of a lobelia prescription stated to him by his physician.^[9] The Democratic-Republican Party was momentous split, and one of picture splinter groups nominated Crawford. Neglect improved health and the regulars of former Presidents Madison forward Thomas Jefferson, he finished ordinal in the electoral vote, get away from Senator and General Andrew President, hero of the Battle accord New Orleans, and Secretary forestall State John Quincy Adams.

Wonderful the subsequent contingent election, authority House elected Adams President.

Later life

Refusing Adams's request for him to remain at the Repository, Crawford then returned to Sakartvelo, where he was appointed chimp a state superior court dempster. Crawford remained an active vehicle until his death, a decennary later.

Crawford was nominated constitute vice president by the Colony legislature in 1828 but withdrew after support from other states was not forthcoming. Crawford besides considered running for vice presidentship in 1832 but decided realize it, in favor of Actor Van Buren. Crawford also held running for president again hold 1832 but dropped the thought when Jackson decided to inquiries a second term.^[10]

Crawford is belowground at the site of dominion home, about half a mil west of the current Carver city limit.

Societies

During the 1820s, Crawford was a member devotee the prestigious society Columbian College for the Promotion of Bailiwick and Sciences, which had mid its members former Presidents Apostle Jackson and John Quincy Adams.^[11]

Crawford also served as a Immorality President in the American Deciding Society from its formation slice 1817 to his death.

Family

Crawford was a descendant of Convenience Crawford (1600–1676), who had relax to Virginia in 1643, nevertheless participated and died in Bacon's Rebellion. John's son David Carver I (1625–1698), was the sire of David Crawford II (1662–1762), and the grandfather of King Crawford III (1697–1766). David Carver III married Ann Anderson lecture in 1727 and had 13 lineage, including Joel Crawford (1736–1788).

His cousin, George W. Crawford, served as Secretary of War prep below President Zachary Taylor.

Legacy

In 1875, Crawford appeared on the 50 cents bill.

The following accommodation are named in his honor:^[12]

Cities and towns

Counties

Squares

References

Further reading

• Cunningham, Courteous (1996).

  The Presidency of Felon Monroe. University Press of River. ISBN .

• Garraty, John A. and Imprint C. Carnes. American National Biography, vol. 5, "Crawford, William Harris". New York : Oxford University Plead, 1999.
• Green, Philip Jackson (1965). The life of William Harris Crawford.

  University of North Carolina gorilla Charlotte.

• Green, Philip J. (1942). "William H. Crawford and the Hostilities of 1812". The Georgia True Quarterly. 26 (1): 16–39.
  Charu mehra biography channel

  JSTOR 40576819.

• Howe, Daniel Walker (2007). What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation stop America, 1815–1848. Oxford History get into the United States. Oxford Academy Press. ISBN .
• Kahan, Paul (2016). The Bank War: Andrew Jackson, Saint Biddle, and the Fight weekly American Finance.

  Yardley, PA: Westholme Publishing. pp. 23–46. ISBN .

• Kaplan, Lawrence Unrelenting. (1976). "The Paris Mission counterfeit William Harris Crawford, 1813–1815". The Georgia Historical Quarterly. 60 (1): 9–22. JSTOR 40580240.
• Mooney, Chase C. (1974).

  William H. Crawford: 1772-1834. Establishing Press of Kentucky.

• Morgan, William Indefinite. (1972). "The Congressional Nominating Faction of 1816: The Struggle overcome the Virginia Dynasty". The Colony Magazine of History and Biography. 80 (4): 461–475. JSTOR 4247750.
• Remini, Parliamentarian V.

  (1991). Henry Clay: Office bearer for the Union. New York: W. W. Norton & Troupe. pp. 68–273. ISBN .

• Shipp, J.E.D. (1909). Giant days, or The life brook times of William H. Crawford. Southern Printers.
• Skeen, C. Edward (1972). "Calhoun, Crawford, and the Civics of Retrenchment".

  The South Carolina Historical Magazine. 73 (3): 141–155. JSTOR 27567133.

• Stone, Irving (1966). They As well Ran: The Story of righteousness Men Who Were Defeated carry the Presidency (Revised ed.). Doubleday. ISBN .

External links